Agency vs CMBS for Stabilized Multifamily: How to Choose

By Trevor Damyan, Commercial Mortgage Broker at Commercial Lending Solutions

Agency multifamily debt and CMBS conduit debt both target stabilized rental housing at 60 to 75 percent LTV on 10-year non-recourse terms. They are not interchangeable. Agency wins on coupon for most market-rate deals because the GSEs have a regulatory mandate to lend on multifamily and price accordingly. CMBS wins on a narrower band of deals where deal characteristics fall outside the agency box, where the sponsor needs a structure the agencies will not write, or where the loan is part of a larger pooled execution. Picking the wrong program can cost 30 to 75 basis points in rate or eliminate optionality at exit.

Get Quotes from Both →

Agency (Fannie / Freddie) vs CMBS Conduit

Feature Agency (Fannie / Freddie) CMBS Conduit
Rate range (Apr 2026) 5.55 to 6.10 percent (10-year fixed) 6.05 to 6.85 percent (10-year fixed)
Loan size band $1M to $100M+ $5M to $100M+ (typical $10M+)
Maximum LTV 80 percent (market-rate stabilized) 70 to 75 percent (multifamily)
Minimum DSCR 1.25x 1.25x to 1.30x (multifamily)
Recourse Non-recourse with standard carve-outs Non-recourse with standard carve-outs
Term 5 to 30 years (10 most common) 5, 7, 10 years (10 most common)
Amortization Up to 30 years (IO available) Typically 30 years (full-term IO available on lower lev)
Prepayment Yield maintenance or declining schedule (Fannie); YM or defeasance (Freddie) Defeasance (almost always)
Pricing index 10-year UST + spread 10-year SOFR Swap or UST + conduit spread
Servicing Seller-Servicer relationship retained Master servicer (rigid, pool servicing)
Special situations Limited; conforming box only Will fund harder stories: shadow anchored, non-conforming MF, etc.
Typical close timeline 55 to 75 days 60 to 90 days

Rate ranges reflect indicative pricing as of April 2026, sourced from active CLS CRE quote pipeline. Pricing is property, sponsor, and structure dependent.

When Agency (Fannie / Freddie) Is the Right Call

Agency wins on the bulk of stabilized market-rate multifamily because the GSEs price competitively, lever to 80 percent, and have a deep ecosystem of DUS and Optigo lenders competing on every deal. For sponsors planning to hold 7 to 10 years and willing to play in the conforming box, agency is the default choice on price.

When CMBS Conduit Is the Right Call

CMBS wins on stabilized multifamily when the deal cannot fit cleanly inside the agency box. The CMBS execution layer is more flexible on property condition, sponsor resume, occupancy ramps, and structural quirks, at the cost of a higher coupon and less servicing flexibility post-close.

How to Choose Between Agency (Fannie / Freddie) and CMBS Conduit

Start with the agency. If the deal fits inside DUS or Optigo, the agencies will out-price CMBS by 30 to 75 basis points nine times out of ten. The exception is when the property has too much commercial NOI, the sponsor has insufficient liquidity, or the market is too thin for agency Seller-Servicers to compete aggressively. In those cases, CMBS may be the only execution.

Evaluate prepay flexibility. Yield maintenance under Fannie or YM under Freddie can be punishing in a falling-rate environment, but defeasance under Freddie or under CMBS allows the loan to be sold to a defeasance buyer at exit. If the sponsor has a high probability of selling before maturity, defeasance optionality matters more than the headline rate.

Run the math on full-term interest-only. CMBS will sometimes write full-term IO at 60 to 65 percent LTV on stabilized multifamily where the agencies will only quote 3 to 5 years of IO. The IO benefit is meaningful for sponsors looking to maximize cash distributions during the hold period.

On loans above $50M, both agencies and CMBS conduits will compete, but CMBS pool dynamics can sometimes price tighter than the GSEs because the loan becomes a meaningful pool asset. On these large deals, you should run both and let the lenders fight for it.

A Real Decision in Action

On a $28M Class B suburban multifamily refinance with a 22 percent ground-floor retail component (a stabilized neighborhood center attached to the apartments), Fannie and Freddie both passed because the commercial NOI exceeded the multifamily cutoff. CMBS quoted at 6.42 percent on a 10-year fixed, 30-year amortization, with 5 years of interest-only, 65 percent LTV, full defeasance prepay. The sponsor took the CMBS execution because no agency lender would quote, and the CMBS structure preserved the optionality of a sale at year 5 through defeasance. Two years later the sponsor sold and defeased the loan in 30 days at a defeasance cost roughly equal to 18 months of yield maintenance, validating the prepay choice.

All deal references anonymize borrower and lender identities and use city-level geography only.

Agency wins on stabilized market-rate multifamily nine times out of ten. The other one is the CMBS deal, and it is almost always because the property has too much commercial NOI, a thin market, or a sponsor story the agencies will not underwrite.

Explore By Market and Program

Agency vs CMBS for Stabilized Multifamily FAQ

Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have a regulatory mandate to provide liquidity to multifamily housing and price accordingly. Their cost of capital is lower because of implicit and explicit government support, and that pricing advantage flows through to borrowers as 30 to 75 basis points of rate savings versus CMBS conduit on most stabilized multifamily.
CMBS is the right call when the deal cannot fit inside the agency box. Common triggers: ground-floor commercial NOI exceeding 25 to 30 percent of total NOI, sponsor resume issues that fail agency net worth and liquidity tests, properties in markets too thin for agency Seller-Servicer competition, or specialized structures the agencies will not write.
No, the opposite. Agency programs lever to 75 or 80 percent LTV on stabilized market-rate multifamily, while CMBS conduit typically caps at 70 to 75 percent. On the leverage axis, agency wins.
Yield maintenance requires the borrower to make the lender whole on lost interest if the loan is paid off early, calculated against the spread between the loan coupon and current Treasury rates. Defeasance requires the borrower to purchase Treasury securities sufficient to replicate the remaining loan payments and sell the defeased loan to a third party. Defeasance preserves the loan as a tradeable asset and is typically more economical than YM in a falling-rate environment.
Yes, on lower leverage. CMBS conduits will often quote full-term IO at 60 to 65 percent LTV with strong DSCR coverage. Agencies will typically cap interest-only at 3 to 5 years even on lower leverage.
Agency loans are serviced by the Seller-Servicer who originated the loan, who maintains a relationship with the borrower and can be flexible on certain post-close requests. CMBS loans are sold into trusts and serviced by a Master Servicer under a Pooling and Servicing Agreement, which provides far less flexibility on consents, replacements of guarantors, lease modifications, and similar post-close requests.
Occasionally on large loans ($50M+) when CMBS pool dynamics are favorable, or on niche multifamily that the agencies will not touch and where CMBS has limited competition. In a typical month for typical stabilized multifamily, agency wins on price.

Get Quotes from Both Agency (Fannie / Freddie) and CMBS Conduit

Tell us about your deal. We will run it past lenders on both sides and send you side-by-side terms within 48 hours.

Apply for Financing →
Or call us: 310.758.4042

Weekly Market Intelligence

Rate updates, deal insights, and capital markets analysis. One email per week. Unsubscribe anytime.

No spam. No selling your data. Just market intelligence from a working broker.

Need financing? Apply in 2 minutes. Response within 24 hours.
Apply Now →
📈

Before You Go…

Get matched with the right lender from our network of 1,000+ capital sources.

Or call us: 310.758.4042

No spam. Unsubscribe anytime.